In the northwest desert Gobi, the energy "oasis" composed of large scenic power generation bases continues to grow; The main stream of the southwest Yangtze River, the world's largest clean energy corridor composed of six cascades of hydropower stations, is fully guaranteed. The southeast blue sea, a "offshore oil and gas processing plant" has gradually become an important growth pole of energy production...
In the 75 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China's energy industry has accelerated development, becoming the world's largest energy producer. The total primary energy production has increased from 23.74 million tons of standard coal in 1949 to 4.83 billion tons of standard coal in 2023, providing sufficient momentum for comprehensively promoting Chinese-style modernization.
The energy rice bowl is getting tighter
Energy is an important material basis for human survival and development. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China 75 years ago, China has continuously improved its energy production and supply capacity, and established a comprehensive energy supply system for coal, oil, gas, nuclear, water, wind and light. Since 2014, China's energy independent security capacity has remained above 80%, providing a surging impetus for sustained and rapid economic and social development.
Oil and gas security is the main contradiction of China's energy security. In the period of planned economy, Daqing Oil War produced the first large oil field in our country, and then got rid of the hat of poor oil country. In recent years, China has continued to promote the increase of oil and gas reserves and production, and a number of new large oil and gas fields of 100 million tons and 100 billion square meters have been discovered, and the ability to independently ensure the core demand for oil and gas has been enhanced. In 2023, the national crude oil production will reach 209 million tons, and the basic plate of stable domestic crude oil production of 200 million tons will be further consolidated. Natural gas output increased by more than 10 billion cubic meters for seven consecutive years.
Coal is the "ballast stone" of China's energy security. The country's raw coal output jumped to 4.1 billion tons in 2021 and 4.5 billion tons in 2022, and reached 4.71 billion tons in 2023, an average annual growth of 4.5%, and the proportion of raw coal in China's total primary energy production remained above 65%.
Wan Jinsong, deputy director of the National Energy Administration, said that in the past 10 years, the investment in fixed assets in the energy sector has accumulated about 39 trillion yuan, an annual average of nearly 4 trillion yuan, and the primary energy production capacity has increased by 35%, which has strongly supported the stable and healthy development of China's economy and society. "China's energy supply and demand remain balanced, energy prices are generally stable, and the energy security of more than 1.4 billion people has been effectively guaranteed." Wan Jinsong said that in 2015, we historically solved the problem of electricity consumption for people without electricity in the country. In the past 10 years, the country's per capita domestic electricity consumption has doubled from 500 KWH to nearly 1,000 KWH.
Greener energy mix
In 2023, the total installed capacity of renewable energy in China exceeded 1.4 billion kilowatts, accounting for more than 50% of the total installed capacity of power generation in the country, and historically exceeded the installed capacity of thermal power.
China is the largest developing country in the world, industrialization and urbanization have not yet been completed, and energy demand will continue to grow for some time to come. The industrial structure is heavy, the energy structure is coal, and the resource and environment constraints have existed for a long time. To address these difficulties and challenges, energy transformation is essential.
In recent years, China has vigorously promoted the development of renewable energy. Orderly promote the construction of large-scale wind power photovoltaic base, promote the large-scale cluster development of offshore wind power, and actively carry out the "thousands of villages to control the wind action" and "thousands of households Muguang action". We will make a scientific balance between hydropower development and ecological protection, and advance the construction of large hydropower bases and the upgrading and upgrading of large hydropower stations in an orderly manner.
By the end of 2023, the installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power generation increased by 10 times compared with 10 years ago, and the installed capacity of clean energy power generation accounted for 58.2% of the total installed capacity, and the new clean energy power generation accounted for more than half of the increase in electricity consumption of the whole society. The proportion of clean energy consumption in total energy consumption increased from 15.5% to 26.4%, and the proportion of coal consumption fell by 12.1 percentage points.
At the same time, new progress has been made in the clean and efficient use of energy. In the past 10 years, China has eliminated more than 100 million kilowatts of backward coal power production capacity, and pollutant emissions in the power industry have been reduced by more than 90%. The electrification rate of end-use energy in the whole society reached 28%. Compared with 2012, energy consumption per unit of GDP has decreased by more than 26 percent.
Energy is a key area of carbon peak carbon neutrality, to achieve the "double carbon" goal, still need to make great efforts. "We will make greater efforts to promote the high-quality development of new energy and solidly carry out the green and low-carbon transformation of energy." We have the ability and confidence to push ahead with the 2030 carbon peak target." Said Song Wen, director of the legal and institutional reform department of the National Energy Administration.
The energy market continues to optimize
The high-quality development of energy requires vigorously promoting the modernization of energy governance and accelerating the formation of a modern energy governance system commensurate with it.
On September 12, Hangzhou Convention and Exhibition Center received a green power certificate transaction certificate issued by the National Energy Administration through subscription. With the help of green card transactions, the center has subscribed a total of 2,350 green cards for the third Global Digital Trade Fair, which will achieve 100% green electricity supply during the exhibition.
Previously, the National Energy Administration issued the "Renewable Energy green Power Certificate issuance and trading Rules" for the first time in the form of rules to regulate the green certificate issuance, trading, transfer, and verification of the full life cycle process. "The green certificates subscribed this time are the first batch of green certificates in Zhejiang Province after the release of the Rules." State Grid Hangzhou power supply company number of trade customer side responsible for Lou Fengliang introduction.
Green certificate trading is the epitome of China's energy marketization reform. In recent years, China has accelerated the construction of an effective competitive market structure and market system to create a good development environment for energy transformation. The situation of unified purchasing and marketing of power grids has been basically broken, and market competition has been introduced in all aspects of power generation and sales, and new entities such as integrated energy service providers and virtual power plants have flourished.
In addition, the construction of a unified national electricity market system has been accelerated, and a power trading center, an oil and gas trading center and a coal trading center have been established.
"A diversified energy market structure has been gradually established, a unified and open energy market system has been gradually improved, and an energy price mechanism reflecting the relationship between market supply and demand has gradually taken shape. The role of the market in improving the level of clean energy consumption, ensuring electricity supply, and promoting the optimal allocation of resources has become increasingly apparent." Said Zhang Jianhua, director of the National Energy Administration. According to the plan, by 2035, China's green energy production and consumption mode will be widely formed, non-fossil energy will accelerate to the main energy, and the new power system will provide strong support for energy transformation.